The Recommendations from the writing next report carnegie foundation Eleven Elements of Effective Adolescent Writing Instruction This report identifies 11 elements of current writing instruction found to be effective for helping adolescent students learn to write well and to use writing as a tool for learning. It is important to note that all of the elements are supported by rigorous research, but that even when used together, they do not constitute a full writing curriculum. 1. Writing Strategies, which involves teaching students strategies for planning, revising, and editing their compositions 2. Summarization, which involves explicitly and systematically teaching students how to summarize texts 3. Collaborative Writing, which uses instructional arrangements in which adolescents work together to plan, draft, revise, and edit their compositions 4. Specific Product Goals, which assigns students specific, reachable goals for the writing they are to complete 5. Word Processing, which uses computers and word processors as instructional supports for writing assignments 6. Sentence Combining, which involves teaching students to construct more complex, sophisticated sentences 7. Prewriting, which engages students in activities designed to help them generate or organize ideas for their composition 8. Inquiry Activities, which engages students in analyzing immediate, concrete data to help them develop ideas and content for a particular writing task 9. Process Writing Approach, which interweaves a number of writing instructional activities in a workshop environment that stresses extended writing opportunities, writing for authentic
audiences, personalized instruction, and cycles of writing
10. Study of Models, which provides students with opportunities to read, analyze, and emulate models of good writing 11. Writing for Content Learning, which uses writing as a tool for learning content material
The Writing Next elements do not constitute a full writing curriculum, any more than the Reading Next elements did for reading. However, all of the Writing Next instructional elements have shownclear results for improving students’ writing.They can be combined in flexible ways to strengthen adolescents’ literacy development.The authors hope that besides providing research-supported information about effective writing instruction for classroom teachers, this report will stimulate discussion and action at policy and research levels, leading to solid improvements in writing
great resources for writing instruction surveys and school improvement in writing following the book taking initiative on writing: a guide for instructional leaders http://www.ncte.org/books/tiow
Eleven Elements of Effective Adolescent Writing Instruction
This report identifies 11 elements of current writing instruction found to be effective for helping
adolescent students learn to write well and to use writing as a tool for learning. It is important to note
that all of the elements are supported by rigorous research, but that even when used together, they do
not constitute a full writing curriculum.
1. Writing Strategies,
which involves teaching students strategies for planning, revising, and editing their compositions
2. Summarization,
which involves explicitly and systematically teaching students how to summarize texts
3. Collaborative Writing,
which uses instructional arrangements in which adolescents work together to plan, draft, revise, and edit their compositions
4. Specific Product Goals,
which assigns students specific, reachable goals for the writing they are to complete
5. Word Processing,
which uses computers and word processors as instructional supports for
writing assignments
6. Sentence Combining,
which involves teaching students to construct more complex, sophisticated sentences
7. Prewriting,
which engages students in activities designed to help them generate or organize ideas for their composition
8. Inquiry Activities,
which engages students in analyzing immediate, concrete data to help them develop ideas and content for a particular writing task
9. Process Writing Approach,
which interweaves a number of writing instructional activities in a workshop environment that stresses extended writing opportunities, writing for authentic
audiences, personalized instruction, and cycles of writing
10. Study of Models,
which provides students with opportunities to read, analyze, and emulate models of good writing
11. Writing for Content Learning,
which uses writing as a tool for learning content material
The Writing Next elements do not constitute a full writing curriculum, any more than the Reading Next elements did for reading.
However, all of the Writing Next instructional elements have shownclear results for improving students’ writing.They can be combined in flexible ways to strengthen
adolescents’ literacy development.The authors hope that besides providing research-supported information about effective writing instruction for classroom teachers, this report will stimulate discussion and action at policy and research levels, leading to solid improvements in writing
great resources for writing instruction surveys and school improvement in writing following the book taking initiative on writing: a guide for instructional leaders
http://www.ncte.org/books/tiow